Totalitas Meneladani Nabi Muhammad Saw
Ilustrasi. Foto: KabarMakkah.Com
Oleh: Siti Nurfauziah, Cileunyi kabupaten Bandung.
MUSTANIR.COM – Mengenang momentum kelahiran Nabi saw. Sangatlah penting. Terutama sebagai upaya memfokuskan kembali perhatian kita pada sosok manusia yang paling berjasa sepanjang peradaban. Tidak lain agar kita mampu menjadikan beliau sebagai satu-satunya sosok pegangan, model perilaku dan suri teladan (uswah) dalam semua aspek kehidupan.
Sungguh dalam diri Rasulullah saw. terdapat suri teladan dalam berkeluarga, bermasyarakat, dan bernegara. Mengenang kelahiran Nabi saw. juga agar kita bisa merealisasikan keteladanan beliau dalam menjalani hidup dan menata kehidupan. Dengan itu kita bisa sukses dunia dan akhirat.
Nabi saw. adalah orang yang paling keras mujahadah-nya dalam beribadah. Padahal beliau adalah sosok yang maksum (terbebas dari dosa) dan dijamin surga. Mujahadah beliau dalam beribadah itu agar beliau menjadi hamba yang bersyukur.
Beliau juga pribadi yang mulia akhlaknya. Beliau pun paling baik terhadap wanita. Beliau juga teladan terbaik dalam bertetangga, bergaul, berteman, berkawan dan bermuamalah. Dalam semua itu kita diperintahkan untuk menjadikan beliau sebagai teladan dan model panutan.
Teladan Rasul saw. bukan hanya dalam aspek akidah, spiritual, moral dan sosial saja. Tidak boleh keteladanan beliau hanya dibatasi pada aspek-aspek itu saja. Sebab jika demikian, hal itu sama saja mengerdilkan sosok beliau. Beliau juga memberikan teladan kepemimpinan dalam bernegara, berpolitik dalam dan luar negeri, menjalankan pemerintahan, menerapkan hukum dan menyelesaikan persengketaan.
Teladan Rasul saw. dalam semua aspek itu harus kita contoh. Kita harus berusaha merealisasikan keteladanan beliau didalam menjalani hidup dan mengelola kehidupan.
Maka dari itu, kita harus total menjadikan Rasulullah saw. sebagai panutan dan suri teladan dalam segala aspek, baik dalam aspek individu, keluarga maupun negara. Kecuali tentu saja hal-hal yang menjadi kekhususan bagi beliau sebagaimana diterangkan oleh para ulama ushul.
Salah satu aspek teladan Rasul saw. yang saat ini penting di aktualisasikan adalah teladan kepemimpinan Rasul saw. Teladan kepemimpinan Rasul saw. itu, ketika diaktualisasikan ditengah kehidupan, akan bisa menyelesaikan problem-problem yang mendera masyarakat modern ini, sekaligus membawa pada kehidupan yang dipenuhi keten-teraman dan berkah. Bagi kita, kaum Muslim, hal itu tentu kita yakini seiring dengan keyakinan kita terhadap Islam yang Rasul saw. bawa kepada kita.
Rasulullah Muhammad saw. bukan hanya pemimpin spiritual, tetapi juga pemimpin politik (pemimpin negara). Rasul saw. juga memberikan teladan bagaimana menjalankan sistem pemerintahan Islam. Beliau membangun struktur negara. Beliau menunjuk dan mengangangkat para penguasa baik muawin, wali maupun ‘amil. Beliau menunjuk dan mengangkat komandan pasukan. Beliau membentuk kepolisian dan mengangkat kepala polisinya. Beliau mengangkat qadhi (hakim) untuk berbagai wilayah. Beliau juga mengangkat para pegawai administratif yang disebut katib untuk berbagai urusan. Semua itu merupakan penjelasan atas kewajiban menerapkan hukum-hukum Islam.
Sebagai kepala negara Islam di Madinah, Rasul saw. menerapkan syariah Islam secara menyeluruh sejak awal negara Islam berdiri. Hal itu tertuang nyata dalam Piagam Madinah.
Dalam menerapkan syariat Islam itu, Rasul saw. sangat konsisten. Misalnya beliau menolak permintaan untuk meringankan hukuman terhadap wanita terpandang yang mencuri, meski permintaan itu disampaikan oleh orang yang sangat dekat dengan beliau.
Rasul saw. juga menyatukan dan melebur masyarakat yang beliau pimpin menjadi satu-kesatuan umat dengan ikatan yang kokoh, yakni ikatan akidah Islam. Beliau sekaligus melenyapkan ikatan-ikatan ‘Ashabiyyah jahiliyah, seperti ikatan kesukuan dan kebangsaan.
Rasul saw. juga memimpin umat untuk menjalankan misi agung menyebarkan Islam ke seluruh penjuru dunia dengan dakwah dan jihad. Islam dan penerapannya secara totalitas akhirnya merambah ke berbagai negeri menebarkan rahmat di setiap jengkalnya.
Ketika Rasul saw. wafat pada 12 Rabiul Awwal 11H, kepemimpinan beliau itu dilanjutkan oleh para sahabat dalam sistem khilafah selama era Khulafaur Rasyidin. Kepemimpinan itu merupakan sunnah Khulafaur Rasyidin yang juga Rasulullah perintahkan untuk kita pegangi.
Walhasil, semua keteladanan Nabi saw. itu harus diteladani secara totalitas, termasuk keteladanan dalam kepemimpinan. Meneladani kepemimpiman Nabi saw. bukan hanya meneladani beliau sebagai sosok pemimpin, tetapi juga meneladani dan merealisasikan sistem yang beliau gariskan dan contohkan, yaitu sistem Islam, melalui penerapan syariah Islam secara menyeluruh. Termasuk syariah Islam tentang Khilafah []
Wallahu a’lam bish shawwab.
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